..      // .. 1993. .78.  2. . 15­274.  ..           //    (  ). 2000. . . III. - «  ». . 432­439. Khodachek E. A. Reproductive strategies of plants in Arctic Environments // Global change and Arctic terrestrial ecosystems. ECSC-ES-EAE. 1995. Brussels; Luxembourg. P. 69­79. Khodachek E.A. Seed reproduction in Arctic environments // Opera Botanica. 1997. V. 132. Copenhagen. P. 129­136.

      ( ,  . )  . .
  . .. , . -, . luna1807@yandex.ru

  -     -  -    .   ,     (, , 1997; , 1998),        .      150        :     (  . ),         .      10, 25, 50, 75, 90, 123, 136         ( ,  )         .         ,               ,         .      .   187   ,   16   72 .     (68 )        ..  (1948);        .  (  . ) -111    (, , 1997; , 1998).       (, 1931)    279

  (, , 1980) :           ( ,       ,      ).             -;             ,  . .  (1973)   .           .,     -    .  (, , 1971),       (  . 1978).               .   . .  (1977)       .   ,     ,     ,   . .  (1916),        . . .    :          ( ),     ­    ;       Luzula, Alopecurus, Saxifraga, Draba,   (Salix polaris),    (Puccinellia angustata, Draba subcapitata, D. oblongata, Ranunculus sabinii  .);       ;     (     )  ,  ,  .     Betula nana..       ..  (1977)  ­   .             .           35     ;      36­70    ;   70           .    3       . . .        :        ­ Salix polaris        (Salix reptans  .),     
280

 ;      Saxifraga hirculus, Minuartia arctica, M. macrocarpa,   ,  , ,      [               ­   ,   ­    (=  )];       ;      -.    35­70            .    70                   .  (  .,1973),         ..  (1977),       . .  (  .1978).          ,    (Carex arctisibirica, Dryas punctata);     ,       (    . : Astragalus alpinus subsp.arcticus, Oxytropis adamsiana subsp. adamsiana, O. middendorffii subsp. middendorffii, O. nigrescens, O. arctica subsp. taimyrensis, O. mertensiana, O. tichomirovii,      Pachypleurum alpinum, Saxifraga spinulosa, Carex lachenalii, Trisetum spicatum, Koeleria asiatica);        (Salix reptans, S.arctica, S.lanata)     (Cassiope tetragona)    (Vaccinium vitis ideae subsp. minus)        ;    . Luzula  ,         (Alopecurus alpinus, Saxifraga hirculus, Minuartia macrocarpa, M. arctica  .).          .     ,      25       .          ( ),  ,     ,           (. ).   ,     . Compositae     (5­7 )     (7­9 ),       .  (5 ).   281

         (82­84%)      (85­86%)         (95­108 )     (83­86 ) ­ ,         (  . 2001).         50, 75  90     (50­ 53% )       .    . ,      47%.  «  ,  ,   ()   ,     ...» (  ., 2001). ,   (Betula nana),     ,            (=     ..  (1977)          .  ,            .   -          ,     ,    :   ,      .    ,       ,    70    ,        . ,      ..  (1966),       (     ).           Betula nana, B. exilis  .,      (Vaccinium uliginosum subsp. microphyllum, Ledum decumbens, Andromeda polifolia, Empetrum subholarcticum, Arctous alpinum  .)    ,    , ,         ( ).  ,           (Yurtsev, 1994),     :    (, 1977)      (Elvebakk, 1999).        05-04-49583
282


 . .     . . : , 1977. 187 .  ..   -   -  // . . . . , 1916. 27 .  ..,  ..,  ..,  ..         //      .  2. .: . 1973. . 7­49.  ..,  ..    -    // . . 1997.. 82.  12. . 1­19.  ..     . ., 1998. 200 .  ..,  ..      (    ,  ) //      . . . 1971. . 161­183.  ..      //  . I.   . : -   . 1973. . 83­94.  ..       // , 1948.84 .  ..   - .       // . . . - 1931. . 16.  1. . 111­124.  ..  -      //  . .-. 1966. . XIX. 94 .  ..,  ..,  ..      //    .: , 1978. . 9­104.  ..,  ..          // . . 1980. . 65.  12. . 1706­1718.  ..   ()     () // IX .  . . . . 1981. .1. . 50.  ..,  ..,  ..,  ..,  ..,  ..,  ..,  ..,  ...            :   // .. 2001. . 86.  9. .1­27. Elvebakk, A. Bioclimatic delimitation and subdivision of the Arctic // The species concept in the High North ­ a Panarctic flora initiative. Edited by I. Nordal and V.Yu.Razzhivin.The Norwegian Academy of sciense and letters.Oslo. 1999.P. 81­112. Yurtsev B. A. Floristic division of the Arctic // J. Veget. Sci. 1994. Vol. 5. N 6. 765­776. 283