. . 11. , 2007. . 127-130. . . , . . , . . (Triticum aestivum L.) , , (4°) . , . . , . S. A. FROLOVA, Yu. V. VENZHIK, A. F. TITOV. INFLUENCE OF COLD HARDENING ON THE PROTEINASE ACTIVITY AND CONTENTS OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS IN WINTER WHEAT SEEDLINGS The dynamics of the activity of amidases, cysteine proteinases and contents of photosynthetic pigments under effect of cold hardening (4°C) has been studied in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Changes in the activity of amidases and cysteine proteinases preceded the increase of cold-resistance, and were accompanied by the decrease in chlorophyll content in leaves. The increment of cold-resistance during hardening was accompanied by gradual decrease in the activity of proteinases and restoration of chlorophyll content. It is suggested that these changes are involved in the cold adaptation of plants. ______________________________________________________________________________________ , , « » ( ., 2006). , , , , . - . . (Triticum aestivum L.) 39, . 7 . 4° (. 1). 127 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 5 24 48 72 96 168 4°, . 1. (4°) . 39 , 50% (50) 5- ( ., 1982). . (Erlanger et al., 1961), ­ (N--DL--4- ), ­ (Sgarbieri et al., 1964). (, , 2003). , , -, b , -, a/b 1,2 (Lichtenthaler, 1987). 3-5 . , 0,05. , 4° 1 , , , (. 1). . , 4° - , ( 20% 5 40% ­ 24 ) (. 2). ( 4- . ) 40% , , ( ) . , (. 2). : 20% 4- . 40% ­ 7- . , , . () : , (. 2, ). (I+II) 48 , (. 2). 48 4° , (. 2). , , , . , (, 2001). , , , , ( ) , ( ) de novo , . 128 , , / , / 4 3 2 1 0 0 1 5 24 48 1 2 72 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 96 168 0 1 5 24 48 72 96 168 5 , 5 , 1,8 , / (a+b), / 1,0 0,9 0,8 0,7 0,6 0,5 0,4 1 1,6 1,4 1,2 1,0 0 1 5 24 48 72 2 2 1 96 168 0 1 5 24 48 72 96 168 5 , , / (I+II), / 5 , 0,6 1,0 0,9 0,8 0,7 0,6 0,5 0 1 5 24 48 72 96 168 ° 2 0,5 0,4 1 0,3 0 1 5 24 48 72 96 168 ° 2 1 4 , 4 , . 2. . 39 (1 ­ 4°, 2 ­ ) , , , (I+II). , (, 2000). , , , ( ) ( ., 2006). - , -, ( ) , , . , , , , - , , ( ., 2006). 129 , ( 1-2 .) . , , (Haldimann, 1996; ., 1996), (Maslova, Popova, 1993). , , , - . , , , , , . ( 06-04-49107). . ., . . 2003. . .: «». 241 . . . 2000. // . . 40. . 3-42. . ., . ., . ., . . 1996. . ., . ., . . // . . 43. 3. . 437-439. . ., . ., . . 1982. . . 6 . 2006. . - : . . .: «». 448 . . ., 2001. . : . 448 . Erlanger D. F., Kokowsky N., Cohen W. 1961. Proteinases activity in biological substrats // Arch. Biochem. Biophys. V. 95. N 2. . 271-278. Haldimann P. 1996. Effects of changes in grow temperature on photosynthesis and carotenoids composition in Zea mays leaves // Physiol. Plant. V. 97. P. 554-562. Lichtenthaler H. K. 1987. Chlorophyll and carotinoids ­ pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes // Methods in enzymology. New York. V. 148. P. 350-382. Maslova T. G., Popava I. A. 1993. Adaptive properties of plant pigment systems // Photosynthetica. V. 29. P. 195-203. Sgarbieri V. C., Gupte S. M., Kramer D. E., Whitaker J. R. 1964. Ficus enzymes. I. Separation of the proteolytic enzymes of Ficus carica and Ficus glabrata lattices // J. Biol. Chem. V. 238. P. 2170. 130